The Effects of Residual Surfactant on the Retention of Fines

Research was conducted to determine if small amounts of non-ionic surfactants present in the papermaking furnish would effect fine particle retention. The Britt Jar was used for the first part of this experiment to determine if the surfactant would affect the retention. The surfactant was tested at six different concentrations and no detrimental effects were seen. Subsequent Britt Jar experiments were used to determine the effects of shear, and the effects of retention aids. These experiments were conducted primarily to see if they were interacting some way with the surfactant. The results showed no interaction. The final part of the experiment was to use the pilot papermachine to see if the results obtained in the Britt Jar would correlate to the pilot machine. The results from the pilot machine confirmed those found using the Britt Jar. Therefore one can conclude that these non-ionic surfactants did not effect the retention on the papermachine. Before one would see any retention loss there would be substantial foaming on the papermachine. This contradicts previous theories that small amounts of surfactants would affect the retention

Block-by-Block: Leveraging the Power of Blockchain Technology to Build Trust and Promote Cyber Peace

There has been increasing interest in the transformative power of not only crypto-currencies like Bitcoin, but also the technology underlying them-namely blockchain. To the uninitiated, a blockchain is a sophisticated, distributed online ledger that has the potential, according to Goldman Sachs, to change \u27everything. \u27 From making businesses more efficient to recording property deeds to engendering the growth of \u27smart\u27 contracts, blockchain technology is now being investigated by a huge range of organizations and is attracting billions in venture funding. Even the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is investigating blockchain technology to create an unhackable messaging system

Securing the Internet of Healthcare

Cybersecurity, which includes the security of information technology (IT), is critical to ensuring that society trusts, and therefore can benefit from, modern technology. Problematically, though, rarely a day goes by without a news story related to how critical data has been exposed, exfiltrated, or otherwise inappropriately used or accessed as a result of supply chain vulnerabilities. From the Russian government’s campaign to influence the 2016 U.S. presidential election to the September 2017 Equifax breach of more than 140 million Americans’ credit reports, cyber risk has become a topic of conversation in boardrooms and the White House, on Wall Street and main street. But these discussions often miss the problems replete in the expansive supply chains on which many of these products and services we depend on are built; this is particularly true in the medical device context. The problem recently made national news with the voluntary recall of more than 400,000 pacemakers that were found to be vulnerable to hackers, necessitating a firmware update. This Article explores the myriad vulnerabilities in the supply chain for medical devices, investigates existing FDA cybersecurity and privacy regulations to identify any potential governance gaps, and suggests a path forward to boost cybersecurity due diligence for manufacturers by making use of new approaches and technologies, including blockchain

Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources in South Carolina and Across the United States

2008 S.C. Water Resources Conference - Addressing Water Challenges Facing the State and Regio

Communities of Practice: An International Learning Experience

Excerpt: Collaborative inquiry through communities of practice has long been recognized by SoTL scholars as a powerful way for teachers to improve the teaching and learning processes for their students. Communities of practice provide teachers the opportunity to share educational practices, the challenges..

Spacecraft design project: High latitude communications satellite

The spacecraft design project was part of AE-4871, Advanced Spacecraft Design. The project was intended to provide experience in the design of all major components of a satellite. Each member of the class was given primary responsibility for a subsystem or design support function. Support was requested from the Naval Research Laboratory to augment the Naval Postgraduate School faculty. Analysis and design of each subsystem was done to the extent possible within the constraints of an eleven week quarter and the design facilities (hardware and software) available. The project team chose to evaluate the design of a high latitude communications satellite as representative of the design issues and tradeoffs necessary for a wide range of satellites. The High-Latitude Communications Satellite (HILACS) will provide a continuous UHF communications link between stations located north of the region covered by geosynchronous communications satellites, i.e., the area above approximately 60 N latitude. HILACS will also provide a communications link to stations below 60 N via a relay Net Control Station (NCS), which is located with access to both the HILACS and geosynchronous communications satellites. The communications payload will operate only for that portion of the orbit necessary to provide specified coverage

Sleep Disruption Medical Intervention Forecasting (SDMIF) Module for the Integrated Medical Model

The NASA Integrated Medical Model (IMM) assesses the risk, including likelihood and impact of occurrence, of all credible in-flight medical conditions. Fatigue due to sleep disruption is a condition that could lead to operational errors, potentially resulting in loss of mission or crew. Pharmacological consumables are mitigation strategies used to manage the risks associated with sleep deficits. The likelihood of medical intervention due to sleep disruption was estimated with a well validated sleep model and a Monte Carlo computer simulation in an effort to optimize the quantity of consumables. METHODS: The key components of the model are the mission parameter program, the calculation of sleep intensity and the diagnosis and decision module. The mission parameter program was used to create simulated daily sleep/wake schedules for an ISS increment. The hypothetical schedules included critical events such as dockings and extravehicular activities and included actual sleep time and sleep quality. The schedules were used as inputs to the Sleep, Activity, Fatigue and Task Effectiveness (SAFTE) Model (IBR Inc., Baltimore MD), which calculated sleep intensity. Sleep data from an ISS study was used to relate calculated sleep intensity to the probability of sleep medication use, using a generalized linear model for binomial regression. A human yes/no decision process using a binomial random number was also factored into sleep medication use probability. RESULTS: These probability calculations were repeated 5000 times resulting in an estimate of the most likely amount of sleep aids used during an ISS mission and a 95% confidence interval. CONCLUSIONS: These results were transferred to the parent IMM for further weighting and integration with other medical conditions, to help inform operational decisions. This model is a potential planning tool for ensuring adequate sleep during sleep disrupted periods of a mission